traceroute
traceroute tracks the route packets take across an IP network on their way to a given host. It utilizes the IP protocol's time to live (TTL) field and attempts to elicit an ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED response from each gateway along the path to the host. [1]
- traceroute [EN] @ Fedora Package
- traceroute [EN] @ Wikipedia
- traceroute [DE] @ Wikipedia
Documentation
- man 8 'traceroute' [EN]
Syntax
traceroute [PARAMETER ...] HOST
Parameters
- -4, -6
- Explicitly force IPv4 or IPv6 traceouting. By default, the program will try to resolve the name given, and choose the appropriate protocol automatically.
- -f TTL
- Specifies with what TTL to start. Defaults to 1.
- -i INTERFACE
- Specifies the INTERFACE through which traceroute should send packets. By default, the interface is selected according to the routing table.
- -I
- Use ICMP ECHO for probes.
- -m TTL
- Specifies the maximum number of hops (max time to live value) traceroute will probe. The default is 30.
- -n
- Do not try to map IP addresses to host names when displaying them.
- -N NUMBER
- Specifies the NUMBER of probe packets sent out simultaneously. Sending several probes concurrently can speed up traceroute considerably. The default value is 16.
- -q NUMBER
- Sets the NUMBER of probe packets per hop. The default is 3.
- -s ADDRESS
- Chooses an alternative source ADDRESS.
- NOTE:You must select the address of one of the interfaces. By default, the address of the outgoing interface is used.
- -T
- Use TCP SYN for probes.
- -w TIME
- Set the TIME (in seconds) to wait for a response to a probe (default 5.0 sec).
Examples
- Track the route to Google
traceroute 'www.google.ch'
Output:
...
6 swissix.google.com (91.206.52.74) 3.061 ms 2.058 ms 2.051 ms
7 64.233.174.34 (64.233.174.34) 7.856 ms 8.866 ms 8.562 ms
8 209.85.250.140 (209.85.250.140) 15.076 ms 14.958 ms 14.832 ms
9 209.85.240.221 (209.85.240.221) 70.544 ms 65.107 ms 65.088 ms
10 216.239.49.45 (216.239.49.45) 18.317 ms 18.409 ms 18.468 ms
11 ww-in-f104.1e100.net (209.85.229.104) 19.035 ms 18.951 ms 19.243 ms
References
- ↑ man 8 'traceroute'