Electronic mail, most commonly referred to as email or e-mail since ca. 1993, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks. Some early email systems required that the author and the recipient both be online at the same time, in common with instant messaging. Today's email systems are based on a store-and-forward model. Email servers accept, forward, deliver, and store messages. Neither the users nor their computers are required to be online simultaneously; they need connect only briefly, typically to a mail server, for as long as it takes to send or receive messages.[1]
Standards
- Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)
- Post Office Protocol (POP3)
- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
Implementations
Server
Extension:DynamicPageList3 (DPL3), version 3.6.4: Error: Error 1054: Unknown column 'ecl1.cl_to' in 'where clause' Function: MediaWiki\Extension\DynamicPageList3\Query::buildAndSelect - Email Query: SET STATEMENT max_statement_time=10 FOR SELECT DISTINCT IFNULL(cl1.cl_sortkey, REPLACE(CONCAT(CASE `wp_page`.page_namespace WHEN 1 THEN 'Talk:' WHEN 2 THEN 'User:' WHEN 3 THEN 'User_talk:' WHEN 4 THEN 'RaySoft:' WHEN 5 THEN 'RaySoft_talk:' WHEN 6 THEN 'File:' WHEN 7 THEN 'File_talk:' WHEN 8 THEN 'MediaWiki:' WHEN 9 THEN 'MediaWiki_talk:' WHEN 10 THEN 'Template:' WHEN 11 THEN 'Template_talk:' WHEN 12 THEN 'Help:' WHEN 13 THEN 'Help_talk:' WHEN 14 THEN 'Category:' WHEN 15 THEN 'Category_talk:' END, `wp_page`.page_title), '_', ' ')) AS `sortkey`,`wp_page`.page_namespace AS `page_namespace`,`wp_page`.page_id AS `page_id`,`wp_page`.page_title AS `page_title` FROM `wp_page` `wp_page` JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl1.cl_from AND cl1.cl_to = 'Email')) JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl2` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl2.cl_from AND (cl2.cl_to = 'Suite' OR cl2.cl_to = 'Server'))) LEFT OUTER JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `ecl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = ecl1.cl_from AND ecl1.cl_to ='Component')) WHERE `wp_page`.page_is_redirect = 0 AND `wp_page`.page_namespace = 0 AND ecl1.cl_to IS NULL ORDER BY sortkey ASC LIMIT 500
Client
Extension:DynamicPageList3 (DPL3), version 3.6.4: Error: Error 1054: Unknown column 'ecl1.cl_to' in 'where clause' Function: MediaWiki\Extension\DynamicPageList3\Query::buildAndSelect - Email Query: SET STATEMENT max_statement_time=10 FOR SELECT DISTINCT IFNULL(cl1.cl_sortkey, REPLACE(CONCAT(CASE `wp_page`.page_namespace WHEN 1 THEN 'Talk:' WHEN 2 THEN 'User:' WHEN 3 THEN 'User_talk:' WHEN 4 THEN 'RaySoft:' WHEN 5 THEN 'RaySoft_talk:' WHEN 6 THEN 'File:' WHEN 7 THEN 'File_talk:' WHEN 8 THEN 'MediaWiki:' WHEN 9 THEN 'MediaWiki_talk:' WHEN 10 THEN 'Template:' WHEN 11 THEN 'Template_talk:' WHEN 12 THEN 'Help:' WHEN 13 THEN 'Help_talk:' WHEN 14 THEN 'Category:' WHEN 15 THEN 'Category_talk:' END, `wp_page`.page_title), '_', ' ')) AS `sortkey`,`wp_page`.page_namespace AS `page_namespace`,`wp_page`.page_id AS `page_id`,`wp_page`.page_title AS `page_title` FROM `wp_page` `wp_page` JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl1.cl_from AND cl1.cl_to = 'Email')) JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl2` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl2.cl_from AND cl2.cl_to = 'Application')) LEFT OUTER JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `ecl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = ecl1.cl_from AND ecl1.cl_to ='Component')) WHERE `wp_page`.page_is_redirect = 0 AND `wp_page`.page_namespace = 0 AND ecl1.cl_to IS NULL ORDER BY sortkey ASC LIMIT 500
Tools
Extension:DynamicPageList3 (DPL3), version 3.6.4: Error: Error 1054: Unknown column 'ecl1.cl_to' in 'where clause' Function: MediaWiki\Extension\DynamicPageList3\Query::buildAndSelect - Email Query: SET STATEMENT max_statement_time=10 FOR SELECT DISTINCT IFNULL(cl1.cl_sortkey, REPLACE(CONCAT(CASE `wp_page`.page_namespace WHEN 1 THEN 'Talk:' WHEN 2 THEN 'User:' WHEN 3 THEN 'User_talk:' WHEN 4 THEN 'RaySoft:' WHEN 5 THEN 'RaySoft_talk:' WHEN 6 THEN 'File:' WHEN 7 THEN 'File_talk:' WHEN 8 THEN 'MediaWiki:' WHEN 9 THEN 'MediaWiki_talk:' WHEN 10 THEN 'Template:' WHEN 11 THEN 'Template_talk:' WHEN 12 THEN 'Help:' WHEN 13 THEN 'Help_talk:' WHEN 14 THEN 'Category:' WHEN 15 THEN 'Category_talk:' END, `wp_page`.page_title), '_', ' ')) AS `sortkey`,`wp_page`.page_namespace AS `page_namespace`,`wp_page`.page_id AS `page_id`,`wp_page`.page_title AS `page_title` FROM `wp_page` `wp_page` JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl1.cl_from AND cl1.cl_to = 'Email')) JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `cl2` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = cl2.cl_from AND (cl2.cl_to = 'File_System' OR cl2.cl_to = 'Shell_Command'))) LEFT OUTER JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `ecl1` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = ecl1.cl_from AND ecl1.cl_to ='Server')) LEFT OUTER JOIN `wp_categorylinks` `ecl2` ON ((`wp_page`.page_id = ecl2.cl_from AND ecl2.cl_to ='Component')) WHERE `wp_page`.page_is_redirect = 0 AND `wp_page`.page_namespace = 0 AND ecl1.cl_to IS NULL AND ecl2.cl_to IS NULL ORDER BY sortkey ASC LIMIT 500